executus-skills/gif/SKILL.md

---
name: gif
description: Make a funny animated GIF (or MP4) for Discord from a description — plans scenes, keeps recurring people/props consistent via a reusable cast, renders frames in Python through a bundled harness that owns the scratch/encode plumbing, and automatically hands Discord an H.264 MP4 it can play when the piece is long or a GIF comes out too big. Use whenever someone asks to draw/animate/gif something, including multi-minute bits about people or things that happened.
license: MIT
allowed-tools: [code_exec, image_describe, send_attachments, file_get_metadata, think]
metadata:
  version: "3.0.0"
  adapted-from: mort/skills/animate
---

# Make an animated GIF / MP4 for Discord

You make HIGH-QUALITY, funny animations from a description — often caricatures
of the people in the channel or a bit about something that just happened.
**Work by calling tools — do not introduce yourself or list capabilities.**

This skill bundles `scripts/gifsmith.py`, a render harness that owns everything
that used to break these renders: the scratch directory and its disk budget,
frame numbering, a locked canvas size, per-scene crash isolation, the GIF-vs-MP4
decision, and the critique contact sheet. **You write only the drawing.**

## 1. Plan first: length, scenes, and cast

Decide before drawing (use `think` for anything non-trivial):

- **How many scenes?** Count the distinct beats the prompt actually describes and
  render exactly that many. **ASSUME ONE.** A single continuous action ("a
  bouncing ball", "Steve slipping on a banana") is ONE scene — don't chop it into
  cuts. Start a new scene only when the prompt moves to a new beat (new action,
  place, or time jump). There is **no upper limit** — a bit that genuinely
  describes twelve beats gets twelve scenes and runs for minutes — but **never
  pad a simple request with invented beats**, and never compress beats the user
  clearly separated. When in doubt, fewer scenes.
- **Who is the cast?** Every recurring character and prop. For a bit "about
  <someone>", pick a simple recognizable caricature — one or two signature
  features (glasses, hair colour, a hat) — and pin each cast member's look ONCE
  as a `draw_<name>(ax, ...)` helper. Every scene CALLS that helper; never
  re-describe a character inline, or they drift scene to scene.

## 2. STAGING — this is what separates a good GIF from a bad one

The harness guarantees a *working* animation. What makes it *good* is staging,
and that is where these renders most often fail. Four rules, all checked in §5:

- **FILL THE FRAME.** The subject of a beat must be at least **one third of the
  frame height** — for a close reaction, half or more. A character drawn 5% tall
  in a corner under a big empty sky is the single most common failure: the viewer
  can't tell what it is. Crop in. Empty sky/floor is wasted frame; if a region has
  nothing happening in it, the camera is in the wrong place. Put the action in the
  middle two thirds, and let characters break the frame edge rather than shrink.
- **EVERY FRAME MOVES.** Nothing sits pixel-identical for more than ~0.3 s unless
  you are deliberately holding on a text beat (use `hold=` for that). Even a
  "still" character breathes, sways, blinks; even a still scene has drifting
  clouds or a flickering light. Long stretches of identical frames read as a
  broken GIF. Animate the SUBJECT, not just one prop next to it.
- **SHOW IT, DON'T CAPTION IT.** A caption is for a punchline or a line of
  dialogue — never a narration of what the animation should be depicting. If you
  find yourself writing `"*CRASH* garbage everywhere!"`, draw the garbage flying
  instead. Every noun in the request should appear on screen, not in text.
- **GIVE IT DEPTH.** Flat single-tone shapes look like a diagram. Cheap wins that
  land every time: a soft elliptical **shadow on the ground under every
  character**, a second darker tone on the shaded side of each big shape, a
  background that is a gradient or has a couple of out-of-focus shapes, and clear
  foreground/midground/background separation. Outline characters in a dark colour
  so they pop.

Motion quality, in order of payoff: **ease in and out** of every move
(`t*t*(3-2*t)`, never linear), **anticipation** (wind up before a big action),
**overshoot/settle** on impacts, **squash & stretch** on anything that bounces or
lands. A held pose that eases beats three extra scenes.

## 3. Render with the harness (ONE code_exec call)

Pass `scripts/gifsmith.py` in with `files_in` (its file_id is listed at the
bottom of this skill) as `{"name": "gifsmith.py", "file_id": "<that id>"}`, then
write ONE `code_exec` call:

```python
# gifsmith re-exports the drawing vocabulary, so this one import is enough.
# The COMPLETE importable list (there is nothing else — don't guess, and don't
# spend a call on dir(gifsmith)):
#   Animation
#   Arc Circle Ellipse FancyBboxPatch PathPatch Path Polygon Rectangle Wedge
#   Image ImageDraw ImageFont          (PIL, for mode="pil")
#   np plt                             (numpy / pyplot, for anything else)
#   GIF_MAX_SECONDS GIF_MAX_BYTES
from gifsmith import Animation, Circle, Ellipse, Rectangle, Polygon, Wedge, np
anim = Animation(width=640, height=480, fps=15)     # canvas locked here
# Animation() takes ONLY width, height, fps, dpi, bg (background= also works).
# Everything about the output — format, size, audio — is set on render().

# ---- cast: defined ONCE, called from every scene ----
def draw_steve(ax, x, y, rage=0.0):
    ax.add_patch(Ellipse((x, y - 9), 14, 3, fc="#00000033", zorder=1))   # shadow
    ...

@anim.scene("Steve watches the printer", seconds=2.5)
def s0(ax, t):                 # t runs 0.0 -> 1.0 across the scene
    ease = t * t * (3 - 2 * t)
    draw_steve(ax, 30 + 8 * ease, 40, rage=t)

@anim.scene("it sprays him", seconds=2.0, hold=0.8)
def s1(ax, t):
    draw_steve(ax, 38, 40, rage=1.0)
    anim.text(ax, "every single time")     # boxed, bold, legible caption

art = anim.render()            # encodes, writes final.* + still.png, prints a report
print(art)
```

- `ax` is a fresh matplotlib Axes at exactly the locked pixel size, with
  `x in [0, 100]` and `y in [0, anim.ymax]`, origin bottom-left, no margins.
  Draw in those units and every frame lines up.
- `hold=<seconds>` freezes the scene's last frame — that is how you make a
  caption readable (short phrases ~1.5–2 s, sentences longer).
- PIL instead: `@anim.scene("...", seconds=2, mode="pil")` gives
  `(img, draw, t)`. `anim.font(size)` returns a real bold TrueType face.
- Hand-built frames: `anim.add_frame(pil_image, times=n)`.
- `anim.render(long_edge=..., force="gif"|"mp4", audio="/workspace/track.wav")`.
  It picks GIF vs MP4 by length, and re-encodes to MP4 if the GIF is too big for
  Discord. It returns `{"path", "mime", "bytes"}`.

**Everything happens in ONE call** — `/workspace` is wiped before every
`code_exec` call, so a render in one call and a read in the next finds nothing.
That also means **`gifsmith.py` must be in `files_in` on EVERY `code_exec` call
that imports it**, including every retry — it does not survive from the last one.
Give the call a generous `timeout_seconds` (120+); encoding is CPU-bound.

**A SyntaxError costs you the whole pass** — it happens before the harness can
isolate anything, and it is the one failure it cannot absorb. You are emitting a
lot of code in one shot, so keep it boring: one statement per line, short helper
signatures, no dense one-liners packing three drawing calls into a single
`add_patch`, and the same keyword names everywhere you call a helper. Read back
any line with more than about four arguments before you send it.

Read the report `render()` prints. It tells you the frame count, the scratch
peak, and — importantly — **which scenes failed**. A scene that raises is
skipped, the rest still render and ship, and you fix just that scene next pass
instead of re-deriving the whole program.

Long pieces (minutes): `fps=10..12`, `width=480..540`, and favour procedural
motion that is cheap per frame. If a render times out you get nothing back, so on
a retry scale down decisively — keep every beat, render it leaner.

## 4. Files: file_ids, never paths

`render()` leaves `/workspace/final.gif` (or `.mp4`) and `/workspace/still.png` at
the TOP of `/workspace`, and `files_out` returns a **file_id** for each.
`image_describe`, `send_attachments` and `file_get_metadata` take that file_id —
passing `"/workspace/final.gif"` fails `file_not_found`. **Copy the file_id
character-for-character out of the `files_out` JSON**; do not retype it from
memory. One wrong digit is a `file_not_found` that silently costs you the whole
critique pass.

Nothing here needs `pip install` — matplotlib, PIL, numpy, ffmpeg, gifski and
gifsicle are already in the sandbox.

## 5. Self-critique (AT MOST 3 render passes)

Before delivering, LOOK at what you made: call `image_describe` on the
**`still.png` file_id** — the harness already built it as a contact sheet of
frames sampled evenly ACROSS the animation, each tile labelled with its `t`
(0.00 = first frame). Ask specifically about subject size, caption readability
and whether the depicted action matches the request.

**A thing missing from one tile is not a thing missing from the animation.**
The tiles are time points, so a transient — a tear rolling, a blink, a wipe —
appears in some and not others. If the critique says something is absent, check
the other tiles for it before re-rendering; that mistake once cost a worker
three full re-renders chasing a tear that was there all along. Then answer:

1. Does it depict what was asked — every named character, prop and action?
2. Is the subject **big enough to read** (≥ ⅓ frame height)?
3. Is any caption legible, and does it hold long enough?
4. Does every recurring character look the SAME across scenes?
5. Any scene the report flagged as failed, colour banding, clipped shapes,
   characters floating with no shadow?

**A "no" on 1, 2 or 3 means you re-render** — those three are what makes a GIF
land or flop, and "it's basically fine" is how a bad one ships. Change something
concrete and re-run the whole program in one fresh `code_exec` call. **At most 3
render passes**; for a long piece be decisive (1–2). After the 3rd, deliver the
best version with a one-line note on the trade-off.

## 6. Deliver

ONE `send_attachments` call with `channel_id` from your platform context and the
file_id of `final.gif` / `final.mp4` — NOT the still, NOT a path. Finish with a
one-line caption. The contact sheet is INTERNAL; never attach it unless asked.

## Forbidden

- Never pass a `/workspace/...` path where a file_id is wanted, and never retype
  a file_id from memory — copy it from `files_out`.
- Do not hand-roll the scratch dir, the frame loop, the frame numbering, the
  contact sheet, or the encode — that is what the harness is for. In particular
  do not render frames into `/tmp` (a 16 MiB tmpfs) or into `/workspace` itself.
- Do not split render and read across separate code_exec calls, and do not
  assume `gifsmith.py` is still in `/workspace` from the last call — pass it in
  `files_in` every time.
- Do not re-describe a recurring character inline per scene — one cast helper.
- Do not invent beats the user didn't ask for — assume ONE scene.
- Do not narrate the action in a caption instead of animating it.
- Do not ship a subject too small to recognise, or a stretch of identical frames.
- Do not exceed 3 render passes; do not ship an empty/broken result without
  saying so.