diff --git a/builtin.go b/builtin.go
index 7b9996a..5d89ba1 100644
--- a/builtin.go
+++ b/builtin.go
@@ -72,6 +72,29 @@ func openaiCompatScheme(wrap func(...openai.Option) []openai.Option) SchemeFacto
 	}
 }
 
+// registerOpenAICompatBuiltin installs BOTH halves of an OpenAI-compat
+// built-in: the eager provider under name (credential from keyEnv) and the
+// matching name:// DSN scheme. Why both in one call: the two halves are a pair
+// — a built-in whose scheme is missing resolves as a spec but not from an
+// LLM_* DSN, and the credential rules below have to hold identically in each.
+// Adding the next one is a single line rather than six lines to copy.
+//
+// The two credential rules, holding by construction for every caller:
+//   - WithAPIKey is passed UNCONDITIONALLY, even when the lookup comes back
+//     empty. openai.New defaults its key to OPENAI_API_KEY, so anything less
+//     lets an unset keyEnv silently authenticate as OpenAI.
+//   - WithAPIKeyName makes the synthetic-401 hint name keyEnv, so a keyless
+//     call tells the operator the variable that actually fixes it.
+func registerOpenAICompatBuiltin(r *Registry, wrap func(...openai.Option) []openai.Option, name, baseURL, keyEnv string) {
+	r.providers[name] = openai.New(wrap(
+		openai.WithName(name),
+		openai.WithBaseURL(baseURL),
+		openai.WithAPIKey(r.envLookup(keyEnv)),
+		openai.WithAPIKeyName(keyEnv),
+	)...)
+	r.schemes[name] = openaiCompatScheme(wrap)
+}
+
 // registerBuiltins installs the built-in providers and env-DSN scheme
 // factories into a fresh registry. httpClient, when non-nil, is used by
 // every provider and factory the registry itself constructs.
@@ -118,39 +141,19 @@ func registerBuiltins(r *Registry, httpClient *http.Client) {
 		)...), nil
 	}
 
-	// Kimi (Moonshot AI): OpenAI-compatible Chat Completions, so it reuses the
-	// openai client (like llama-swap). Defaults to Moonshot's international
-	// endpoint and the KIMI_API_KEY credential. WithAPIKey is passed
-	// unconditionally — even empty — so an unset KIMI_API_KEY can never fall
-	// through to the openai client's OPENAI_API_KEY default; WithAPIKeyName
-	// makes the missing-key error name KIMI_API_KEY.
-	r.providers[ProviderKimi] = openai.New(openaiOpts(
-		openai.WithName(ProviderKimi),
-		openai.WithBaseURL(kimiBaseURL),
-		openai.WithAPIKey(r.envLookup("KIMI_API_KEY")),
-		openai.WithAPIKeyName("KIMI_API_KEY"),
-	)...)
-	// kimi:// DSN scheme: an OpenAI-compatible target labeled kimi, base URL
-	// from the DSN host (e.g. kimi://tok@api.moonshot.cn/v1 for China).
-	r.schemes[ProviderKimi] = openaiCompatScheme(openaiOpts)
-
-	// Qwen (Alibaba Model Studio): same shape as kimi — an OpenAI-compatible
-	// Chat Completions endpoint, so it reuses the openai client rather than a
-	// new package. Model Studio also exposes an Anthropic-compatible endpoint;
-	// ADR-0027 records why the OpenAI one is the built-in. Same unconditional
-	// WithAPIKey + WithAPIKeyName discipline as kimi: an unset QWEN_API_KEY
-	// must never fall through to OPENAI_API_KEY, and the missing-key error
-	// must name the variable the operator actually has to set.
-	r.providers[ProviderQwen] = openai.New(openaiOpts(
-		openai.WithName(ProviderQwen),
-		openai.WithBaseURL(qwenBaseURL),
-		openai.WithAPIKey(r.envLookup("QWEN_API_KEY")),
-		openai.WithAPIKeyName("QWEN_API_KEY"),
-	)...)
-	// qwen:// DSN scheme: an OpenAI-compatible target labeled qwen on any
-	// Model Studio host (e.g. qwen://tok@dashscope.aliyuncs.com/compatible-mode/v1
-	// for China, or a workspace-scoped regional host).
-	r.schemes[ProviderQwen] = openaiCompatScheme(openaiOpts)
+	// Third-party endpoints that ARE the openai client at another base URL —
+	// no new package, mirroring llama-swap's chat path. Each gets the eager
+	// built-in plus its name:// DSN scheme, and the credential rules hold by
+	// construction (see registerOpenAICompatBuiltin).
+	//
+	// kimi (ADR-0026): Moonshot's international endpoint; China host via
+	// kimi://tok@api.moonshot.cn/v1.
+	registerOpenAICompatBuiltin(r, openaiOpts, ProviderKimi, kimiBaseURL, "KIMI_API_KEY")
+	// qwen (ADR-0027): Alibaba Model Studio's international host. Model Studio
+	// also exposes an Anthropic-compatible endpoint; the ADR records why the
+	// OpenAI one is the built-in. China / workspace-scoped regional hosts via
+	// qwen://tok@dashscope.aliyuncs.com/compatible-mode/v1.
+	registerOpenAICompatBuiltin(r, openaiOpts, ProviderQwen, qwenBaseURL, "QWEN_API_KEY")
 
 	// llama-swap: OpenAI-compatible chat + image generation + management
 	// endpoints over a model-swapping proxy. Chat reuses the openai client
diff --git a/docs/adr/0027-qwen-builtin.md b/docs/adr/0027-qwen-builtin.md
index e21c6a7..3a495d0 100644
--- a/docs/adr/0027-qwen-builtin.md
+++ b/docs/adr/0027-qwen-builtin.md
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ blocks there too), where every OpenAI-compat target would get them.
 - Chat, streaming, tools, structured output, reasoning effort, and cached-token
   accounting all ride the openai client and inherit its fixes.
 - Image *inputs* work at the client level, but only the `qwen-vl-*` /
-  `qwen3-vl-*` models accept them (matrix footnote ³, shared with kimi).
+  `qwen3-vl-*` models accept them (matrix footnote ⁴; ³ is kimi's).
 - Two model-side quirks are Alibaba's, not majordomo's, and are left to the
   caller rather than papered over: thinking is **on by default** on some models
   (e.g. `qwen3.7-plus`), and Qwen3 *open-source* models require streaming when