diff --git a/internal/api/api.go b/internal/api/api.go
index 298b5dd..dbab6dc 100644
--- a/internal/api/api.go
+++ b/internal/api/api.go
@@ -89,6 +89,13 @@ func New(cfg *config.Config, svc *service.Service) *gin.Engine {
 	objects := v1.Group("/objects", h.requireAuth())
 	objects.PATCH("/:id", h.updateObject)
 	objects.DELETE("/:id", h.deleteObject)
+	objects.POST("/:id/plantings", h.createPlanting) // place a plop in this object
+
+	// Plantings ("plops") are addressed by their own id; the service resolves the
+	// owning object/garden for the permission check.
+	plantings := v1.Group("/plantings", h.requireAuth())
+	plantings.PATCH("/:id", h.updatePlanting)
+	plantings.DELETE("/:id", h.deletePlanting)
 
 	// Plant catalog: built-ins (seeded, read-only) plus the actor's own rows.
 	plants := v1.Group("/plants", h.requireAuth())
diff --git a/internal/api/plantings.go b/internal/api/plantings.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c7dee01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/api/plantings.go
@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"net/http"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+
+	"gitea.stevedudenhoeffer.com/steve/pansy/internal/domain"
+	"gitea.stevedudenhoeffer.com/steve/pansy/internal/service"
+)
+
+// plantingCreateRequest is the body for POST /objects/:id/plantings. x/y are in
+// the object's local frame (origin at object center); count omitted = derived;
+// plantedAt omitted = today.
+type plantingCreateRequest struct {
+	PlantID   int64   `json:"plantId" binding:"required"`
+	XCM       float64 `json:"xCm"`
+	YCM       float64 `json:"yCm"`
+	RadiusCM  float64 `json:"radiusCm"`
+	Count     *int    `json:"count"`
+	Label     *string `json:"label"`
+	PlantedAt *string `json:"plantedAt"`
+}
+
+func (r plantingCreateRequest) toInput() service.PlantingInput {
+	return service.PlantingInput{
+		PlantID: r.PlantID, XCM: r.XCM, YCM: r.YCM, RadiusCM: r.RadiusCM,
+		Count: r.Count, Label: r.Label, PlantedAt: r.PlantedAt,
+	}
+}
+
+// plantingUpdateRequest is the body for PATCH /plantings/:id: every field
+// optional (absent = unchanged) plus the required current version. The nullable
+// fields are json.RawMessage so an explicit null (clear) is distinct from an
+// absent field (unchanged) — e.g. `removedAt: "2026-07-01"` soft-removes and
+// `removedAt: null` un-removes.
+type plantingUpdateRequest struct {
+	PlantID   *int64          `json:"plantId"`
+	XCM       *float64        `json:"xCm"`
+	YCM       *float64        `json:"yCm"`
+	RadiusCM  *float64        `json:"radiusCm"`
+	Count     json.RawMessage `json:"count"`
+	Label     json.RawMessage `json:"label"`
+	PlantedAt json.RawMessage `json:"plantedAt"`
+	RemovedAt json.RawMessage `json:"removedAt"`
+	Version   int64           `json:"version" binding:"required,min=1"`
+}
+
+func (r plantingUpdateRequest) toPatch() (service.PlantingPatch, error) {
+	count, setCount, err := parseNullableInt(r.Count)
+	if err != nil {
+		return service.PlantingPatch{}, err
+	}
+	label, setLabel, err := parseNullableString(r.Label)
+	if err != nil {
+		return service.PlantingPatch{}, err
+	}
+	plantedAt, setPlantedAt, err := parseNullableString(r.PlantedAt)
+	if err != nil {
+		return service.PlantingPatch{}, err
+	}
+	removedAt, setRemovedAt, err := parseNullableString(r.RemovedAt)
+	if err != nil {
+		return service.PlantingPatch{}, err
+	}
+	return service.PlantingPatch{
+		PlantID: r.PlantID, XCM: r.XCM, YCM: r.YCM, RadiusCM: r.RadiusCM,
+		SetCount: setCount, Count: count,
+		SetLabel: setLabel, Label: label,
+		SetPlantedAt: setPlantedAt, PlantedAt: plantedAt,
+		SetRemovedAt: setRemovedAt, RemovedAt: removedAt,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func (h *handlers) createPlanting(c *gin.Context) {
+	objectID, ok := parseIDParam(c, "id")
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	var req plantingCreateRequest
+	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
+		writeAPIError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "INVALID_INPUT", "invalid planting: a plantId is required")
+		return
+	}
+	p, err := h.svc.CreatePlanting(c.Request.Context(), mustActor(c).ID, objectID, req.toInput())
+	if err != nil {
+		writeServiceError(c, err)
+		return
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusCreated, p)
+}
+
+func (h *handlers) updatePlanting(c *gin.Context) {
+	id, ok := parseIDParam(c, "id")
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	var req plantingUpdateRequest
+	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
+		writeAPIError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "INVALID_INPUT", "invalid update: a current version is required")
+		return
+	}
+	patch, err := req.toPatch()
+	if err != nil {
+		writeAPIError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "INVALID_INPUT", "invalid update payload")
+		return
+	}
+	p, err := h.svc.UpdatePlanting(c.Request.Context(), mustActor(c).ID, id, patch, req.Version)
+	if err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, domain.ErrVersionConflict) {
+			writeVersionConflict(c, p)
+			return
+		}
+		writeServiceError(c, err)
+		return
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, p)
+}
+
+func (h *handlers) deletePlanting(c *gin.Context) {
+	id, ok := parseIDParam(c, "id")
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	if err := h.svc.DeletePlanting(c.Request.Context(), mustActor(c).ID, id); err != nil {
+		writeServiceError(c, err)
+		return
+	}
+	c.Status(http.StatusNoContent)
+}
diff --git a/internal/api/plantings_test.go b/internal/api/plantings_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5275377
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/api/plantings_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"net/http"
+	"strconv"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func plantingPath(id int64) string        { return "/api/v1/plantings/" + strconv.FormatInt(id, 10) }
+func objectPlantingsPath(id int64) string { return objectPath(id) + "/plantings" }
+
+func TestPlantingCreatePatchFullDelete(t *testing.T) {
+	r := authEngine(t, localCfg())
+	cookie := registerAndCookie(t, r, "a@example.com")
+	gid := createGardenAPI(t, r, cookie, "Yard")
+
+	// A plantable bed centered in the garden.
+	w := doJSON(t, r, http.MethodPost, objectsPath(gid),
+		map[string]any{"kind": "bed", "xCm": 500, "yCm": 500, "widthCm": 200, "heightCm": 200}, cookie)
+	oid := int64(decodeMap(t, w.Body.Bytes())["id"].(float64))
+
+	// A seeded built-in plant to place.
+	w = doJSON(t, r, http.MethodGet, "/api/v1/plants", nil, cookie)
+	plantID, _ := firstBuiltinID(t, w.Body.Bytes())
+
+	// Place a plop → 201 with a derivedCount.
+	w = doJSON(t, r, http.MethodPost, objectPlantingsPath(oid),
+		map[string]any{"plantId": plantID, "xCm": 0, "yCm": 0, "radiusCm": 20}, cookie)
+	if w.Code != http.StatusCreated {
+		t.Fatalf("create planting: status %d, body %s", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+	}
+	pl := decodeMap(t, w.Body.Bytes())
+	pid := int64(pl["id"].(float64))
+	dc, ok := pl["derivedCount"].(float64)
+	if !ok || dc < 1 {
+		t.Errorf("response missing a positive derivedCount: %+v", pl)
+	}
+
+	// /full includes the plop and its referenced plant.
+	w = doJSON(t, r, http.MethodGet, fullPath(gid), nil, cookie)
+	var full struct {
+		Plantings []map[string]any `json:"plantings"`
+		Plants    []map[string]any `json:"plants"`
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(w.Body.Bytes(), &full); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("decode full: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(full.Plantings) != 1 || len(full.Plants) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("full = %d plantings / %d plants, want 1 / 1", len(full.Plantings), len(full.Plants))
+	}
+
+	// Soft-remove (clear-bed style) → it leaves /full.
+	w = doJSON(t, r, http.MethodPatch, plantingPath(pid), map[string]any{"removedAt": "2030-06-01", "version": 1}, cookie)
+	if w.Code != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Fatalf("soft-remove: status %d, body %s", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+	}
+	w = doJSON(t, r, http.MethodGet, fullPath(gid), nil, cookie)
+	full.Plantings = nil
+	json.Unmarshal(w.Body.Bytes(), &full)
+	if len(full.Plantings) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("removed plop still in /full: %d", len(full.Plantings))
+	}
+
+	// Hard delete → 204.
+	if w := doJSON(t, r, http.MethodDelete, plantingPath(pid), nil, cookie); w.Code != http.StatusNoContent {
+		t.Errorf("delete planting = %d, want 204", w.Code)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPlantingIntoNonPlantableIsRejected(t *testing.T) {
+	r := authEngine(t, localCfg())
+	cookie := registerAndCookie(t, r, "a@example.com")
+	gid := createGardenAPI(t, r, cookie, "Yard")
+
+	// A tree is not plantable.
+	w := doJSON(t, r, http.MethodPost, objectsPath(gid),
+		map[string]any{"kind": "tree", "xCm": 500, "yCm": 500, "widthCm": 100, "heightCm": 100}, cookie)
+	oid := int64(decodeMap(t, w.Body.Bytes())["id"].(float64))
+
+	w = doJSON(t, r, http.MethodGet, "/api/v1/plants", nil, cookie)
+	plantID, _ := firstBuiltinID(t, w.Body.Bytes())
+
+	w = doJSON(t, r, http.MethodPost, objectPlantingsPath(oid),
+		map[string]any{"plantId": plantID, "xCm": 0, "yCm": 0, "radiusCm": 10}, cookie)
+	if w.Code != http.StatusBadRequest {
+		t.Errorf("plant into tree = %d, want 400", w.Code)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPlantingsRequireAuth(t *testing.T) {
+	r := authEngine(t, localCfg())
+	if w := doJSON(t, r, http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/objects/1/plantings", map[string]any{"plantId": 1}, nil); w.Code != http.StatusUnauthorized {
+		t.Errorf("unauthenticated create = %d, want 401", w.Code)
+	}
+	if w := doJSON(t, r, http.MethodDelete, "/api/v1/plantings/1", nil, nil); w.Code != http.StatusUnauthorized {
+		t.Errorf("unauthenticated delete = %d, want 401", w.Code)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/internal/domain/domain.go b/internal/domain/domain.go
index 45c2077..7d1d2af 100644
--- a/internal/domain/domain.go
+++ b/internal/domain/domain.go
@@ -186,4 +186,10 @@ type Planting struct {
 	Version   int64   `json:"version"`
 	CreatedAt string  `json:"createdAt"`
 	UpdatedAt string  `json:"updatedAt"`
+
+	// DerivedCount is the plant count implied by the plop's area and the plant's
+	// mature spacing: max(1, round(π·r² / spacing²)). It is computed by the
+	// service, never persisted (the store scan leaves it 0). The effective count
+	// a client shows is Count when non-nil, else DerivedCount.
+	DerivedCount int `json:"derivedCount"`
 }
diff --git a/internal/service/objects.go b/internal/service/objects.go
index befa558..2e27bb0 100644
--- a/internal/service/objects.go
+++ b/internal/service/objects.go
@@ -69,8 +69,8 @@ type ObjectPatch struct {
 }
 
 // FullGarden is the one-shot editor payload: the garden plus everything drawn in
-// it. Plantings/Plants stay empty until #14 populates plantings; the shape is
-// fixed now so the frontend types against it once.
+// it — objects, active plantings (each with its DerivedCount filled in), and the
+// plants those plantings reference.
 type FullGarden struct {
 	Garden    *domain.Garden        `json:"garden"`
 	Objects   []domain.GardenObject `json:"objects"`
@@ -176,6 +176,15 @@ func (s *Service) GardenFull(ctx context.Context, actorID, gardenID int64) (*Ful
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
+	// Fill each plop's DerivedCount from its plant's spacing (referenced plants
+	// are already loaded, so this is a map lookup rather than N queries).
+	spacing := make(map[int64]float64, len(plants))
+	for _, pl := range plants {
+		spacing[pl.ID] = pl.SpacingCM
+	}
+	for i := range plantings {
+		plantings[i].DerivedCount = derivedCount(plantings[i].RadiusCM, spacing[plantings[i].PlantID])
+	}
 	return &FullGarden{Garden: g, Objects: objects, Plantings: plantings, Plants: plants}, nil
 }
 
diff --git a/internal/service/plantings.go b/internal/service/plantings.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7396d82
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/service/plantings.go
@@ -0,0 +1,272 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"math"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"gitea.stevedudenhoeffer.com/steve/pansy/internal/domain"
+)
+
+// dateLayout is the 'YYYY-MM-DD' format plantings store planted_at/removed_at in.
+const dateLayout = "2006-01-02"
+
+const (
+	maxPlantingLabelLen = 200
+	maxRadiusCM         = 10_000    // 100 m — a generous plop ceiling
+	maxExplicitCount    = 1_000_000 // sanity cap on a manual count override
+)
+
+// derivedCount is the plant count implied by a plop's area and the plant's
+// mature spacing: max(1, round(π·r² / spacing²)). It is the single source of the
+// formula (also feeds #15's display and #19's FillRegion). A non-positive or
+// non-finite radius/spacing collapses to the floor of 1; the result is capped at
+// maxExplicitCount so a huge radius / tiny spacing can't yield an absurd (or, on
+// a 32-bit int, overflowing) value — the same ceiling a manual override honors.
+func derivedCount(radiusCM, spacingCM float64) int {
+	if radiusCM <= 0 || spacingCM <= 0 || !isFinite(radiusCM) || !isFinite(spacingCM) {
+		return 1
+	}
+	area := math.Pi * radiusCM * radiusCM
+	n := int(math.Round(area / (spacingCM * spacingCM)))
+	if n < 1 {
+		return 1
+	}
+	if n > maxExplicitCount {
+		return maxExplicitCount
+	}
+	return n
+}
+
+// PlantingInput is the payload for placing a plop. Count nil = derived; PlantedAt
+// nil defaults to today.
+type PlantingInput struct {
+	PlantID   int64
+	XCM       float64
+	YCM       float64
+	RadiusCM  float64
+	Count     *int
+	Label     *string
+	PlantedAt *string
+}
+
+// PlantingPatch is a partial update. The nullable fields (Count/Label/PlantedAt/
+// RemovedAt) use a Set* flag to tell "clear to NULL" from "leave unchanged".
+// Setting RemovedAt is how "clear bed"/soft-remove works; clearing it un-removes.
+type PlantingPatch struct {
+	PlantID      *int64
+	XCM          *float64
+	YCM          *float64
+	RadiusCM     *float64
+	SetCount     bool
+	Count        *int
+	SetLabel     bool
+	Label        *string
+	SetPlantedAt bool
+	PlantedAt    *string
+	SetRemovedAt bool
+	RemovedAt    *string
+}
+
+// CreatePlanting places a plop in a plantable object the actor can edit.
+func (s *Service) CreatePlanting(ctx context.Context, actorID, objectID int64, in PlantingInput) (*domain.Planting, error) {
+	o, _, err := s.objectForRole(ctx, actorID, objectID, roleEditor)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if !o.Plantable {
+		return nil, domain.ErrInvalidInput // trees/paths/structures can't hold plants
+	}
+	plant, err := s.visiblePlant(ctx, actorID, in.PlantID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	p := &domain.Planting{
+		ObjectID:  objectID,
+		PlantID:   in.PlantID,
+		XCM:       in.XCM,
+		YCM:       in.YCM,
+		RadiusCM:  in.RadiusCM,
+		Count:     in.Count,
+		Label:     trimStringPtr(in.Label),
+		PlantedAt: in.PlantedAt,
+	}
+	if p.PlantedAt == nil {
+		today := s.now().UTC().Format(dateLayout)
+		p.PlantedAt = &today
+	}
+	if err := finalizePlanting(p, o, true); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	created, err := s.store.CreatePlanting(ctx, p)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	created.DerivedCount = derivedCount(created.RadiusCM, plant.SpacingCM)
+	return created, nil
+}
+
+// UpdatePlanting applies a partial, version-guarded patch to a plop in an object
+// the actor can edit. On a version mismatch it returns (current, ErrVersionConflict).
+func (s *Service) UpdatePlanting(ctx context.Context, actorID, plantingID int64, patch PlantingPatch, version int64) (*domain.Planting, error) {
+	pl, err := s.store.GetPlanting(ctx, plantingID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err // ErrNotFound
+	}
+	o, _, err := s.objectForRole(ctx, actorID, pl.ObjectID, roleEditor)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	applyPlantingPatch(pl, patch)
+	// The plant may have changed; the (possibly new) plant must be visible.
+	plant, err := s.visiblePlant(ctx, actorID, pl.PlantID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	// Only re-check the object bounds when the position is actually being moved.
+	// A plop left outside its object's bounds by a later object resize must still
+	// be editable (radius, dates, soft-remove) — otherwise it becomes a row you
+	// can neither fix nor remove.
+	checkBounds := patch.XCM != nil || patch.YCM != nil
+	if err := finalizePlanting(pl, o, checkBounds); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	pl.Version = version
+
+	updated, err := s.store.UpdatePlanting(ctx, pl)
+	if err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, domain.ErrVersionConflict) && updated != nil {
+			// Enrich the current row with its own plant's derived count.
+			s.enrichDerived(ctx, updated)
+		}
+		return updated, err
+	}
+	updated.DerivedCount = derivedCount(updated.RadiusCM, plant.SpacingCM)
+	return updated, nil
+}
+
+// DeletePlanting hard-deletes a plop in an object the actor can edit. (Soft
+// removal — "clear bed" / harvested — sets removed_at via UpdatePlanting.)
+func (s *Service) DeletePlanting(ctx context.Context, actorID, plantingID int64) error {
+	pl, err := s.store.GetPlanting(ctx, plantingID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if _, _, err := s.objectForRole(ctx, actorID, pl.ObjectID, roleEditor); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return s.store.DeletePlanting(ctx, plantingID)
+}
+
+// visiblePlant loads a plant the actor may reference in a planting: a built-in or
+// one the actor owns. An unknown plant or another user's plant is an invalid
+// reference (ErrInvalidInput) rather than leaking existence.
+func (s *Service) visiblePlant(ctx context.Context, actorID, plantID int64) (*domain.Plant, error) {
+	p, err := s.store.GetPlant(ctx, plantID)
+	if errors.Is(err, domain.ErrNotFound) {
+		return nil, domain.ErrInvalidInput
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if p.OwnerID != nil && *p.OwnerID != actorID {
+		return nil, domain.ErrInvalidInput
+	}
+	return p, nil
+}
+
+// enrichDerived best-effort sets p.DerivedCount from its plant's spacing (used
+// when we don't already hold the plant, e.g. a conflict's current row).
+func (s *Service) enrichDerived(ctx context.Context, p *domain.Planting) {
+	plant, err := s.store.GetPlant(ctx, p.PlantID)
+	if err == nil {
+		p.DerivedCount = derivedCount(p.RadiusCM, plant.SpacingCM)
+	}
+}
+
+// applyPlantingPatch mutates pl with each provided patch field.
+func applyPlantingPatch(pl *domain.Planting, p PlantingPatch) {
+	if p.PlantID != nil {
+		pl.PlantID = *p.PlantID
+	}
+	if p.XCM != nil {
+		pl.XCM = *p.XCM
+	}
+	if p.YCM != nil {
+		pl.YCM = *p.YCM
+	}
+	if p.RadiusCM != nil {
+		pl.RadiusCM = *p.RadiusCM
+	}
+	if p.SetCount {
+		pl.Count = p.Count
+	}
+	if p.SetLabel {
+		pl.Label = trimStringPtr(p.Label)
+	}
+	if p.SetPlantedAt {
+		pl.PlantedAt = p.PlantedAt
+	}
+	if p.SetRemovedAt {
+		pl.RemovedAt = p.RemovedAt
+	}
+}
+
+// finalizePlanting validates a built/merged plop against its parent object.
+// Shared by create and update so both enforce the same invariants. checkBounds
+// gates the center-in-object-bounds test: create always checks it, update only
+// when the position is being moved (so a resize that orphans a plop outside the
+// shrunken object doesn't block editing/removing it).
+func finalizePlanting(p *domain.Planting, o *domain.GardenObject, checkBounds bool) error {
+	if !isFinite(p.RadiusCM) || p.RadiusCM <= 0 || p.RadiusCM > maxRadiusCM {
+		return domain.ErrInvalidInput
+	}
+	if !isFinite(p.XCM) || !isFinite(p.YCM) {
+		return domain.ErrInvalidInput
+	}
+	// Loose bounds: the plop's CENTER must sit within the object's unrotated
+	// local bounds (origin at object center); the radius may overhang.
+	if checkBounds && (math.Abs(p.XCM) > o.WidthCM/2 || math.Abs(p.YCM) > o.HeightCM/2) {
+		return domain.ErrInvalidInput
+	}
+	if p.Count != nil && (*p.Count < 1 || *p.Count > maxExplicitCount) {
+		return domain.ErrInvalidInput
+	}
+	if p.Label != nil && len(*p.Label) > maxPlantingLabelLen {
+		return domain.ErrInvalidInput
+	}
+	if !validDatePtr(p.PlantedAt) || !validDatePtr(p.RemovedAt) {
+		return domain.ErrInvalidInput
+	}
+	// A plop can't be removed before it was planted (nonsensical interval).
+	if p.PlantedAt != nil && p.RemovedAt != nil {
+		planted, _ := time.Parse(dateLayout, *p.PlantedAt)
+		removed, _ := time.Parse(dateLayout, *p.RemovedAt)
+		if removed.Before(planted) {
+			return domain.ErrInvalidInput
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// validDatePtr reports whether a nil-or-'YYYY-MM-DD' date pointer is acceptable.
+func validDatePtr(s *string) bool {
+	if s == nil {
+		return true
+	}
+	_, err := time.Parse(dateLayout, *s)
+	return err == nil
+}
+
+// trimStringPtr trims a *string, preserving nil (distinct from empty).
+func trimStringPtr(s *string) *string {
+	if s == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	t := strings.TrimSpace(*s)
+	return &t
+}
diff --git a/internal/service/plantings_test.go b/internal/service/plantings_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..437511b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/service/plantings_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,378 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"testing"
+
+	"gitea.stevedudenhoeffer.com/steve/pansy/internal/domain"
+)
+
+// seedBed creates a plantable 200×200 bed centered in a 1000×1000 garden.
+func seedBed(t *testing.T, s *Service, owner, gardenID int64) *domain.GardenObject {
+	t.Helper()
+	o, err := s.CreateObject(context.Background(), owner, gardenID, ObjectInput{
+		Kind: domain.KindBed, XCM: 500, YCM: 500, WidthCM: 200, HeightCM: 200,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("seed bed: %v", err)
+	}
+	return o
+}
+
+// seedOwnPlant creates a custom plant owned by owner with the given spacing.
+func seedOwnPlant(t *testing.T, s *Service, owner int64, spacingCM float64) *domain.Plant {
+	t.Helper()
+	p, err := s.CreatePlant(context.Background(), owner, PlantInput{
+		Name: "Testroot", Category: domain.CategoryHerb, SpacingCM: spacingCM, Color: "#4a7c3f", Icon: "🌿",
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("seed plant: %v", err)
+	}
+	return p
+}
+
+func TestDerivedCountFormula(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		r, sp float64
+		want  int
+	}{
+		{0.1, 10, 1}, // tiny radius floors to 1
+		{0, 10, 1},   // zero radius → 1
+		{10, 0, 1},   // zero spacing → 1
+		{10, 10, 3},  // π·100/100 = 3.14 → 3
+		{50, 10, 79}, // π·2500/100 = 78.5 → 79
+		{30, 15, 13}, // π·900/225 = 12.57 → 13
+	}
+	for i, c := range cases {
+		if got := derivedCount(c.r, c.sp); got != c.want {
+			t.Errorf("case %d: derivedCount(%v, %v) = %d, want %d", i, c.r, c.sp, got, c.want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDerivedCountCapped(t *testing.T) {
+	// A huge radius with a tiny spacing would produce an absurd (32-bit
+	// overflowing) count; it's capped at the same ceiling as a manual override.
+	if got := derivedCount(10_000, 0.1); got != maxExplicitCount {
+		t.Errorf("derivedCount(10000, 0.1) = %d, want cap %d", got, maxExplicitCount)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCreatePlantingDefaultsAndDerivedCount(t *testing.T) {
+	s := newTestService(t, openConfig())
+	owner := seedUser(t, s, "a@example.com")
+	g := seedGarden(t, s, owner)
+	bed := seedBed(t, s, owner, g.ID)
+	plant := seedOwnPlant(t, s, owner, 10)
+
+	pl, err := s.CreatePlanting(context.Background(), owner, bed.ID, PlantingInput{
+		PlantID: plant.ID, XCM: 10, YCM: -20, RadiusCM: 10,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("CreatePlanting: %v", err)
+	}
+	if pl.Count != nil {
+		t.Errorf("count = %v, want nil (derived)", *pl.Count)
+	}
+	if pl.DerivedCount != 3 {
+		t.Errorf("derivedCount = %d, want 3", pl.DerivedCount)
+	}
+	if pl.PlantedAt == nil {
+		t.Error("plantedAt should default to today, got nil")
+	}
+	if pl.Version != 1 || pl.ObjectID != bed.ID {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected planting: %+v", pl)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPlantingCountOverrideWins(t *testing.T) {
+	s := newTestService(t, openConfig())
+	owner := seedUser(t, s, "a@example.com")
+	g := seedGarden(t, s, owner)
+	bed := seedBed(t, s, owner, g.ID)
+	plant := seedOwnPlant(t, s, owner, 10)
+
+	cnt := 12
+	pl, err := s.CreatePlanting(context.Background(), owner, bed.ID, PlantingInput{
+		PlantID: plant.ID, XCM: 0, YCM: 0, RadiusCM: 50, Count: &cnt,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("CreatePlanting: %v", err)
+	}
+	if pl.Count == nil || *pl.Count != 12 {
+		t.Errorf("count override = %v, want 12", pl.Count)
+	}
+	// derivedCount is still computed alongside the override (79 for r=50, sp=10).
+	if pl.DerivedCount != 79 {
+		t.Errorf("derivedCount = %d, want 79", pl.DerivedCount)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUpdatePlantingMoveResizeAndClearCount(t *testing.T) {
+	s := newTestService(t, openConfig())
+	owner := seedUser(t, s, "a@example.com")
+	g := seedGarden(t, s, owner)
+	bed := seedBed(t, s, owner, g.ID)
+	plant := seedOwnPlant(t, s, owner, 10)
+
+	cnt := 5
+	pl, _ := s.CreatePlanting(context.Background(), owner, bed.ID, PlantingInput{
+		PlantID: plant.ID, XCM: 0, YCM: 0, RadiusCM: 10, Count: &cnt,
+	})
+
+	// Move + grow radius, and clear the count override back to derived.
+	nx, ny, nr := 30.0, -40.0, 50.0
+	updated, err := s.UpdatePlanting(context.Background(), owner, pl.ID,
+		PlantingPatch{XCM: &nx, YCM: &ny, RadiusCM: &nr, SetCount: true, Count: nil}, pl.Version)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("UpdatePlanting: %v", err)
+	}
+	if updated.XCM != 30 || updated.YCM != -40 || updated.RadiusCM != 50 {
+		t.Errorf("move/resize didn't apply: %+v", updated)
+	}
+	if updated.Count != nil {
+		t.Errorf("count should be cleared, got %v", *updated.Count)
+	}
+	if updated.DerivedCount != 79 { // r=50, sp=10
+		t.Errorf("derivedCount after grow = %d, want 79", updated.DerivedCount)
+	}
+	if updated.Version != pl.Version+1 {
+		t.Errorf("version = %d, want %d", updated.Version, pl.Version+1)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPlantingNonPlantableObjectRejected(t *testing.T) {
+	s := newTestService(t, openConfig())
+	owner := seedUser(t, s, "a@example.com")
+	g := seedGarden(t, s, owner)
+	plant := seedOwnPlant(t, s, owner, 10)
+
+	tree, _ := s.CreateObject(context.Background(), owner, g.ID, ObjectInput{
+		Kind: domain.KindTree, XCM: 500, YCM: 500, WidthCM: 100, HeightCM: 100,
+	})
+	if _, err := s.CreatePlanting(context.Background(), owner, tree.ID, PlantingInput{
+		PlantID: plant.ID, XCM: 0, YCM: 0, RadiusCM: 10,
+	}); !errors.Is(err, domain.ErrInvalidInput) {
+		t.Errorf("planting into a tree err = %v, want ErrInvalidInput", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPlantingForeignPlantRejectedBuiltinAllowed(t *testing.T) {
+	s := newTestService(t, openConfig())
+	owner := seedUser(t, s, "a@example.com")
+	bob := seedUser(t, s, "bob@example.com")
+	g := seedGarden(t, s, owner)
+	bed := seedBed(t, s, owner, g.ID)
+
+	// Bob's custom plant is invisible to owner → invalid reference.
+	bobPlant := seedOwnPlant(t, s, bob, 10)
+	if _, err := s.CreatePlanting(context.Background(), owner, bed.ID, PlantingInput{
+		PlantID: bobPlant.ID, XCM: 0, YCM: 0, RadiusCM: 10,
+	}); !errors.Is(err, domain.ErrInvalidInput) {
+		t.Errorf("foreign plant err = %v, want ErrInvalidInput", err)
+	}
+	// An unknown plant id is likewise invalid.
+	if _, err := s.CreatePlanting(context.Background(), owner, bed.ID, PlantingInput{
+		PlantID: 999999, XCM: 0, YCM: 0, RadiusCM: 10,
+	}); !errors.Is(err, domain.ErrInvalidInput) {
+		t.Errorf("unknown plant err = %v, want ErrInvalidInput", err)
+	}
+	// A built-in plant is plantable by anyone.
+	builtins, _ := s.ListPlants(context.Background(), owner)
+	if _, err := s.CreatePlanting(context.Background(), owner, bed.ID, PlantingInput{
+		PlantID: builtins[0].ID, XCM: 0, YCM: 0, RadiusCM: 10,
+	}); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("planting a built-in should work: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPlantingBoundsCheck(t *testing.T) {
+	s := newTestService(t, openConfig())
+	owner := seedUser(t, s, "a@example.com")
+	g := seedGarden(t, s, owner)
+	bed := seedBed(t, s, owner, g.ID) // 200×200 → local bounds ±100
+	plant := seedOwnPlant(t, s, owner, 10)
+
+	// Center outside the object's local bounds → rejected (radius may overhang,
+	// but the center may not).
+	if _, err := s.CreatePlanting(context.Background(), owner, bed.ID, PlantingInput{
+		PlantID: plant.ID, XCM: 150, YCM: 0, RadiusCM: 10,
+	}); !errors.Is(err, domain.ErrInvalidInput) {
+		t.Errorf("out-of-bounds center err = %v, want ErrInvalidInput", err)
+	}
+	// On the edge is allowed.
+	if _, err := s.CreatePlanting(context.Background(), owner, bed.ID, PlantingInput{
+		PlantID: plant.ID, XCM: 100, YCM: -100, RadiusCM: 30,
+	}); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("edge-of-bounds center should be allowed: %v", err)
+	}
+	// Non-positive radius rejected.
+	if _, err := s.CreatePlanting(context.Background(), owner, bed.ID, PlantingInput{
+		PlantID: plant.ID, XCM: 0, YCM: 0, RadiusCM: 0,
+	}); !errors.Is(err, domain.ErrInvalidInput) {
+		t.Errorf("zero radius err = %v, want ErrInvalidInput", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPlantingSoftRemoveLeavesFull(t *testing.T) {
+	s := newTestService(t, openConfig())
+	owner := seedUser(t, s, "a@example.com")
+	g := seedGarden(t, s, owner)
+	bed := seedBed(t, s, owner, g.ID)
+	plant := seedOwnPlant(t, s, owner, 10)
+
+	pl, _ := s.CreatePlanting(context.Background(), owner, bed.ID, PlantingInput{
+		PlantID: plant.ID, XCM: 0, YCM: 0, RadiusCM: 10,
+	})
+
+	// It shows in /full, with a derived count.
+	full, _ := s.GardenFull(context.Background(), owner, g.ID)
+	if len(full.Plantings) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("full.Plantings = %d, want 1", len(full.Plantings))
+	}
+	if full.Plantings[0].DerivedCount != 3 {
+		t.Errorf("full derivedCount = %d, want 3", full.Plantings[0].DerivedCount)
+	}
+	if len(full.Plants) != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("full.Plants = %d, want 1 referenced plant", len(full.Plants))
+	}
+
+	// Soft-remove → it leaves /full. (On/after today's default planted_at.)
+	rm := "2030-06-01"
+	if _, err := s.UpdatePlanting(context.Background(), owner, pl.ID,
+		PlantingPatch{SetRemovedAt: true, RemovedAt: &rm}, pl.Version); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("soft-remove: %v", err)
+	}
+	full, _ = s.GardenFull(context.Background(), owner, g.ID)
+	if len(full.Plantings) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("removed plop still in /full: %d", len(full.Plantings))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPlantingRemovedBeforePlantedRejected(t *testing.T) {
+	s := newTestService(t, openConfig())
+	owner := seedUser(t, s, "a@example.com")
+	g := seedGarden(t, s, owner)
+	bed := seedBed(t, s, owner, g.ID)
+	plant := seedOwnPlant(t, s, owner, 10)
+
+	// planted_at defaults to today; a removed_at in the distant past is invalid.
+	pl, _ := s.CreatePlanting(context.Background(), owner, bed.ID, PlantingInput{
+		PlantID: plant.ID, XCM: 0, YCM: 0, RadiusCM: 10,
+	})
+	past := "2000-01-01"
+	if _, err := s.UpdatePlanting(context.Background(), owner, pl.ID,
+		PlantingPatch{SetRemovedAt: true, RemovedAt: &past}, pl.Version); !errors.Is(err, domain.ErrInvalidInput) {
+		t.Errorf("removed-before-planted err = %v, want ErrInvalidInput", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUpdatePlantingEditableAfterObjectShrinks(t *testing.T) {
+	s := newTestService(t, openConfig())
+	owner := seedUser(t, s, "a@example.com")
+	g := seedGarden(t, s, owner)
+	bed := seedBed(t, s, owner, g.ID) // 200×200 → local bounds ±100
+	plant := seedOwnPlant(t, s, owner, 10)
+
+	// A plop near the bed's edge.
+	pl, _ := s.CreatePlanting(context.Background(), owner, bed.ID, PlantingInput{
+		PlantID: plant.ID, XCM: 90, YCM: 0, RadiusCM: 10,
+	})
+
+	// Shrink the bed to 100×100 (local bounds ±50): the plop's center (90) is now
+	// outside the object.
+	w, h := 100.0, 100.0
+	if _, err := s.UpdateObject(context.Background(), owner, bed.ID, ObjectPatch{WidthCM: &w, HeightCM: &h}, bed.Version); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("shrink bed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Editing the out-of-bounds plop without moving it (radius here) must still
+	// work — otherwise it'd be un-removable.
+	nr := 15.0
+	updated, err := s.UpdatePlanting(context.Background(), owner, pl.ID, PlantingPatch{RadiusCM: &nr}, pl.Version)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("radius edit on orphaned plop should work: %v", err)
+	}
+	// But actually moving it still enforces the new bounds.
+	outside := 90.0
+	if _, err := s.UpdatePlanting(context.Background(), owner, pl.ID, PlantingPatch{XCM: &outside}, updated.Version); !errors.Is(err, domain.ErrInvalidInput) {
+		t.Errorf("moving to out-of-bounds should be rejected: %v", err)
+	}
+	// Moving it back inside works.
+	inside := 10.0
+	if _, err := s.UpdatePlanting(context.Background(), owner, pl.ID, PlantingPatch{XCM: &inside}, updated.Version); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("moving in-bounds should work: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPlantingVersionConflict(t *testing.T) {
+	s := newTestService(t, openConfig())
+	owner := seedUser(t, s, "a@example.com")
+	g := seedGarden(t, s, owner)
+	bed := seedBed(t, s, owner, g.ID)
+	plant := seedOwnPlant(t, s, owner, 10)
+	pl, _ := s.CreatePlanting(context.Background(), owner, bed.ID, PlantingInput{
+		PlantID: plant.ID, XCM: 0, YCM: 0, RadiusCM: 10,
+	})
+
+	nr := 20.0
+	if _, err := s.UpdatePlanting(context.Background(), owner, pl.ID, PlantingPatch{RadiusCM: &nr}, pl.Version); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("first update: %v", err)
+	}
+	current, err := s.UpdatePlanting(context.Background(), owner, pl.ID, PlantingPatch{RadiusCM: &nr}, pl.Version)
+	if !errors.Is(err, domain.ErrVersionConflict) {
+		t.Fatalf("stale update err = %v, want ErrVersionConflict", err)
+	}
+	if current == nil || current.Version != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("conflict didn't return current row: %+v", current)
+	}
+	if current.DerivedCount < 1 {
+		t.Errorf("conflict current row should carry a derived count, got %d", current.DerivedCount)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPlantingCrossUserIsNotFound(t *testing.T) {
+	s := newTestService(t, openConfig())
+	owner := seedUser(t, s, "a@example.com")
+	bob := seedUser(t, s, "bob@example.com")
+	g := seedGarden(t, s, owner)
+	bed := seedBed(t, s, owner, g.ID)
+	plant := seedOwnPlant(t, s, owner, 10)
+	pl, _ := s.CreatePlanting(context.Background(), owner, bed.ID, PlantingInput{
+		PlantID: plant.ID, XCM: 0, YCM: 0, RadiusCM: 10,
+	})
+
+	nr := 5.0
+	if _, err := s.UpdatePlanting(context.Background(), bob, pl.ID, PlantingPatch{RadiusCM: &nr}, pl.Version); !errors.Is(err, domain.ErrNotFound) {
+		t.Errorf("bob update err = %v, want ErrNotFound", err)
+	}
+	if err := s.DeletePlanting(context.Background(), bob, pl.ID); !errors.Is(err, domain.ErrNotFound) {
+		t.Errorf("bob delete err = %v, want ErrNotFound", err)
+	}
+	// Bob can't place into owner's bed either.
+	if _, err := s.CreatePlanting(context.Background(), bob, bed.ID, PlantingInput{
+		PlantID: plant.ID, XCM: 0, YCM: 0, RadiusCM: 10,
+	}); !errors.Is(err, domain.ErrNotFound) {
+		t.Errorf("bob create err = %v, want ErrNotFound", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDeletePlanting(t *testing.T) {
+	s := newTestService(t, openConfig())
+	owner := seedUser(t, s, "a@example.com")
+	g := seedGarden(t, s, owner)
+	bed := seedBed(t, s, owner, g.ID)
+	plant := seedOwnPlant(t, s, owner, 10)
+	pl, _ := s.CreatePlanting(context.Background(), owner, bed.ID, PlantingInput{
+		PlantID: plant.ID, XCM: 0, YCM: 0, RadiusCM: 10,
+	})
+
+	if err := s.DeletePlanting(context.Background(), owner, pl.ID); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("DeletePlanting: %v", err)
+	}
+	full, _ := s.GardenFull(context.Background(), owner, g.ID)
+	if len(full.Plantings) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("planting still present after delete: %d", len(full.Plantings))
+	}
+}
diff --git a/internal/service/service.go b/internal/service/service.go
index b33cedd..2c7a0d6 100644
--- a/internal/service/service.go
+++ b/internal/service/service.go
@@ -20,9 +20,11 @@ import (
 	"gitea.stevedudenhoeffer.com/steve/pansy/internal/store"
 )
 
-// timeLayout is the ISO-8601 UTC format used for every timestamp pansy stores.
-// It matches the schema's strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ') so string comparison
-// (e.g. session expiry) is equivalent to time comparison.
+// timeLayout is the ISO-8601 UTC format used for every full timestamp pansy
+// stores (created_at/updated_at/expires_at). It matches the schema's
+// strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ') so string comparison (e.g. session expiry) is
+// equivalent to time comparison. Date-only fields (planting planted_at/
+// removed_at) use dateLayout instead.
 const timeLayout = "2006-01-02T15:04:05Z"
 
 // sessionTTL is how long a session lives from its last use (sliding expiry).
diff --git a/internal/store/plantings.go b/internal/store/plantings.go
index 29dbd94..a60f430 100644
--- a/internal/store/plantings.go
+++ b/internal/store/plantings.go
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ package store
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 
 	"gitea.stevedudenhoeffer.com/steve/pansy/internal/domain"
@@ -26,8 +28,7 @@ func scanPlanting(s scanner) (*domain.Planting, error) {
 
 // ListActivePlantingsForGarden returns every currently-planted plop (removed_at
 // IS NULL) across all objects in a garden — the editor's one-shot load. Always a
-// non-nil slice (empty until plantings CRUD lands in #14). Plop CRUD itself is
-// #14; this is only the /full read side.
+// non-nil slice. The service fills each row's DerivedCount; this is the raw read.
 func (d *DB) ListActivePlantingsForGarden(ctx context.Context, gardenID int64) ([]domain.Planting, error) {
 	rows, err := d.sql.QueryContext(ctx,
 		`SELECT `+qualifyColumns("pl", plantingColumns)+` FROM plantings pl
@@ -54,3 +55,78 @@ func (d *DB) ListActivePlantingsForGarden(ctx context.Context, gardenID int64) (
 	}
 	return plantings, nil
 }
+
+// GetPlanting returns the planting with the given id, or domain.ErrNotFound.
+func (d *DB) GetPlanting(ctx context.Context, id int64) (*domain.Planting, error) {
+	p, err := scanPlanting(d.sql.QueryRowContext(ctx,
+		`SELECT `+plantingColumns+` FROM plantings WHERE id = ?`, id))
+	if errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows) {
+		return nil, domain.ErrNotFound
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("store: get planting: %w", err)
+	}
+	return p, nil
+}
+
+// CreatePlanting inserts a plop (fields already validated by the service) and
+// returns the stored row. removed_at is always NULL on create — a new plop is
+// active; "clear bed" sets removed_at later via UpdatePlanting.
+func (d *DB) CreatePlanting(ctx context.Context, p *domain.Planting) (*domain.Planting, error) {
+	created, err := scanPlanting(d.sql.QueryRowContext(ctx,
+		`INSERT INTO plantings (object_id, plant_id, x_cm, y_cm, radius_cm, count, label, planted_at)
+		 VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
+		 RETURNING `+plantingColumns,
+		p.ObjectID, p.PlantID, p.XCM, p.YCM, p.RadiusCM, p.Count, p.Label, p.PlantedAt,
+	))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("store: insert planting: %w", err)
+	}
+	return created, nil
+}
+
+// UpdatePlanting applies a version-guarded update of all mutable columns (the
+// service merges partial patches first). Returns the updated row, or
+// (current row, ErrVersionConflict) / ErrNotFound — the same contract as the
+// other mutable resources.
+func (d *DB) UpdatePlanting(ctx context.Context, p *domain.Planting) (*domain.Planting, error) {
+	updated, err := scanPlanting(d.sql.QueryRowContext(ctx,
+		`UPDATE plantings
+		    SET plant_id = ?, x_cm = ?, y_cm = ?, radius_cm = ?, count = ?, label = ?,
+		        planted_at = ?, removed_at = ?,
+		        version = version + 1,
+		        updated_at = strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ', 'now')
+		  WHERE id = ? AND version = ?
+		  RETURNING `+plantingColumns,
+		p.PlantID, p.XCM, p.YCM, p.RadiusCM, p.Count, p.Label, p.PlantedAt, p.RemovedAt,
+		p.ID, p.Version,
+	))
+	if errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows) {
+		current, gerr := d.GetPlanting(ctx, p.ID)
+		if gerr != nil {
+			return nil, gerr
+		}
+		return current, domain.ErrVersionConflict
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("store: update planting: %w", err)
+	}
+	return updated, nil
+}
+
+// DeletePlanting hard-deletes a plop (for mistakes; "removed/harvested" flows set
+// removed_at instead). Returns domain.ErrNotFound if no row was deleted.
+func (d *DB) DeletePlanting(ctx context.Context, id int64) error {
+	res, err := d.sql.ExecContext(ctx, `DELETE FROM plantings WHERE id = ?`, id)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("store: delete planting: %w", err)
+	}
+	n, err := res.RowsAffected()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("store: planting delete rows: %w", err)
+	}
+	if n == 0 {
+		return domain.ErrNotFound
+	}
+	return nil
+}
diff --git a/internal/store/plants.go b/internal/store/plants.go
index 14f4744..e1b53ee 100644
--- a/internal/store/plants.go
+++ b/internal/store/plants.go
@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ func scanPlant(s scanner) (*domain.Plant, error) {
 
 // ListReferencedPlants returns the distinct plants used by a garden's active
 // plantings — the catalog subset the editor needs to render them. Always a
-// non-nil slice (empty until plantings exist, #14). Full plant CRUD/seeding is
-// #12; this is only the /full read side.
+// non-nil slice (empty when the garden has no active plantings). This is the
+// /full read side; full plant CRUD/seeding lives in plants.go / plantings.go.
 func (d *DB) ListReferencedPlants(ctx context.Context, gardenID int64) ([]domain.Plant, error) {
 	rows, err := d.sql.QueryContext(ctx,
 		`SELECT DISTINCT `+qualifyColumns("p", plantColumns)+` FROM plants p